BOOK REVIEW

by
Raymond Kammerer,
Chatfield College, Cincinnati, Ohio

The Boscana Manuscript: Possible New Findings

During the California Mission period one man dared to search into the unknown past of the native tribes and record their customs, rituals, and beliefs before such knowledge disappeared forever. This man was Father Geronimo Boscana. His study has provided us with the only record of its kind and we owe the curious minded missionary a debt.

Boscana was born in Majorca in 1776. As a Franciscan missionary he served at San Juan Capistrano from 1812 to 1826. He was transferred to San Gabriel Mission where he died in 1831. While at San Juan Capistrano he spent a number of years gathering information from the elder neophytes at the Mission about their previous ways and customs. We may well assume Boscana's motive was to provide later fellow missionaries with an aid in understanding the background of the natives. Around 1922 he wrote his Relacion Historica (a historical account of the origin, customs, and traditions of the Indians of the missionary establishment of San Juan Capistrano, called the Acagchemen tribe). According to the account, the missionary tried, with great care, to seek out detailed information about every facet of tribal life in past ages. The one section of Boscana's work that remains of special interest is the tradition of the worship by the natives of the prophet (or god) "Chinigchiniz." This tradition, as well as other parts of Boscana's account, have brought mixed reactions from modern scholars and some believe that Boscana was deceived by his informants.

With Boscana's death at San Gabriel Mission the famed manuscript was left with his other effects, all of which fell into the hands of a lay administrator when the missions were secularized. Fortunately this administrator understood its value and presented it to his American son-in-law, Alfred Robinson.

We are indebted to Robinson for the publication of Boscana's interesting work. Alfred Robinson was born in Boston in 1806. He came to California as a clerk on a trading vessel in 1829 at the age of 23.

In 1836 he married the daughter of a California Don at Santa Barbara and there converted to the Catholic faith of his wife. Robinson's father-in-law was then administrator of the goods of the Missions and presented the Boscana manuscript to the Bostonian. Robinson took his young wife to Boston in 1837 and returned to Santa Barbara in 1840, but they again went to New England in 1842. At this time he prepared to write his record of experience he had in California in the years between 1829 and.1836. When he published his Life In California, Robinson's translation of Boscana's work was placed at the end of the book. Returning to California in 1848, Robinson was a successful businessman for the rest of his life. He died in San Francisco in 1895 at the age of 89.

Some have suggested that Robinson actually wrote Life In California as a vehicle for publishing the translation of Boscana's Relacion Historica. Books about the customs of Indian civilizations of ancient America were becoming popular at this time in New England. When Robinson returned to his native Boston in 1837, it was well known in the literary world that William H. Prescott was making preparations for his monumental History of the Conquest of Mexico (published in 1843) in which the great Aztec civilization was observed. Later Prescott highlighted the Inca culture in his History of the Conquest of Peru which appeared in 1847. At the same time John Lloyd Stephens, a lawyer from New York, revealed to the world his rediscovery of the ancient Maya of Central America in his famed Incidents of Travel in Central America, published in 1841. It is possible that Robinson had hoped to share in this popular literary field; however, time has proved that he was no match foe the renowned literary figures of his day. Robinson's Life in California has been, however, somewhat popular. It was reprinted four times since its first appearance in 1946. It remains his only book.

One mystery concerning the manuscript is the title given the Relacion Historica in Robinson's English translation. Robinson termed Boscana's work by the name of the false god (or perhaps messiah) whom the Indians called CHINGCHINICH. Some have suggested that it amused the Bostonian to entitle the priest's serious study with the name of a false deity. This author, however, believes that Robinson was influenced by Prescott in his vivid description of the Aztec deities and that Robinson wished to have a title that would catch the popular imagination.

What happened to the original Boscana manuscript given Robinson is unclear to this day. According to a recent work by William Bright, there is evidence that Robinson gave a copy to Archbishop John Hughes of New York, who was the most prominent Catholic churchman of his day. Hughes' copy may then have passed into the hands of the well known church historian, John Gilmary Shea, around 1873.

The story of the manuscript does not stop with Robinson. According to William Bright, it seems that more than one version of the work was actually prepared by Boscana. (Perhaps this learned father later revised his first account).

In any case, the explorer Duffot de Mofras, who visited the California coast in 1840-42, seems to have acquired a copy of one of Boscana's versions. We only know of it by reference in Duffot de Mofras' 1844 publication of his travels. Some excerpts from Duffot de Mofras' version were published in 1849 by Denis; however the location of this manuscript also remains unknown. A possible third version of Boscana was obtained at the Santa Barbara Mission in 1878 by Leon de Cessac, taken to Paris and later acquired by the Bibliotheque Nationale, where it remains.

In 1934, the well known ethnologist John P. Harrington, published what he termed "a new original version" of Boscana's account. It appears now that what Harrington really had was a photostat, obtained from an agent in Paris, of the Cessac manuscript. However, Harrington's contribution is of great value due to his extensive annotations. Scholars feel that Harrington's direct knowledge of Indian customs led him to a better understanding of what Boscana related. A recent publication of this work can be had from the Malki Museum Press.

The author owes a great debt to William Bright for tracing the journey of the manuscript finally into the hands of John Gilmary Shea noted in Bright's preface to the Malki Museum Press edition.

in 1974, during an extensive trip to various Catholic institutions along the East Coast in preparation for his own publication of the American Catholic Experience, the author was shown a storeroom in the library of a particular college that held the papers and effects of John Gilrnary Shea. The librarian noted especially Shea's collection of data on the Indian missions of religious orders. Could, then, the famed copy of the original manuscript given by Robinson to John Hughes be resting there? With incentive now provided him by William Bright, the author intends to renew the search.

ORANGE COUNTY HISTORICAL CONFERENCE

The Orange County Historical Society held its second Annual Conference of Orange County History on September 23 and 24 at Chapman College and Mission San Juan Capistrano. The conference aims included papers and panels focused on teaching and discussing historical, archaeological and preservation techniques.

The conference was organized by Chapman College history Professor Dr. Leland Estes. Planning is underway for a Third Annual Conference next year. Contact Professor Estes if you wish to be on the mailing list: 714-997-6621.

BOARD CHANGES

David Huelsbeck has had to resign from the Board of Directors as he has accepted a position in the Department of Anthropology at Pacific Lutheran University, Tacoma, Washington. We wish him much success in his new position. Teney Leary of Mission La Purísima will fill Dave's board position.

BILINGUAL VOCABULARY

ENGLISH	TUANEDO	SPANISH
Duck	Qaatqat	Pato
Ant	Aanat	Hormiga
Fish	Anammat/ Anammatum (pl)	Pez/Pescado (caught)
Condor	Yunaavaywut	Condor
Rock	Toota	Piedra
House	Puk'i'	Casa
Red	Qwayaqwyac	Rojo
Arrow	Hktula	Flecha
Water	Paala	Agua
January	Aapcomil	Enero
April	Alasoquil	Abril
July	Sintecar	Julio
November	Aaquit	Noviembre

MEMBERS IN THE NEWS

Archaeologist Ronald V. May, with the San Diego County Department of Planning and Land Use for the past 14 years was Knighted March 19 by Spanish Ambassador Pedro Temboury on behalf of King Juan Carlos 1. At ceremonies in San Diego, Ambassador Temboury pinned a medal on May and announced to a crowd of 400 that the King authorized the rank of Knight's Officer, Order of Civic Merit, in honor of May's efforts to raise the consciousness of Spanish Heritage in San Diego in recent years. May led a team of 90 to the 1981 discovery of the lost Spanish fort at the Ballast Point Submarine Base, and administers the Fort Guijarros Museum Foundation. He also serves as staff to the County Historic Site Board.

EXCERPTS FROM LETTERS WRITTEN BY CMSA MEMBERS
SENT TO SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO CITY COUNCIL MEMBERS
VIA THE FRIENDS OF HISTORIC SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO
CONCERNING THE PROPOSED REDEVELOPMENT
OF DOWNTOWN SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO

CMSA members reviewed the archaeological report prepared for the San Juan Capistrano downtown redevelopment project.

ROB EDWARDS
CABRILLO COLLEGE ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROGRAM

"I can only say that the importance of the documented finds matches only our wildest expectations. The city of S.J.C. has within its boundaries some of the most critical historic archaeologic resources that are known from the Mission and Post Mission period."

"In summary, a great deal of work has been done and rich extensive and significant resources have been defined. One could be quite picky about aspects of the technique and analysis. However, the importance of the resources far outshadows the other issues here. Everything possible must be done to save these resources---all of them preferably, by a mix of conservation, excavation, interpretation and public education. Few cities have the heritage and the tourist potential available to San Juan Capistrano. I suggest that city officials look at the programs of Annapolis, Maryland; Alexandria, Virginia; and St. Augustine, Florida or models of cities dealing with such heritage in a positive and preservative manner."

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DAVID R. HUELSBECK
DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY-SOCIOLOGY, SANTA CLARA UNIVERSITY

"The information provided in the report supports a general determination of significance but, in my opinion, it does not provide the level of information necessary for the difficult management decisions that are facing the city. Significance needs to be related to research questions. Research questions grow out of the study of site specific deposits and from relating these deposits to the larger historical, anthropological, and archaeological contexts. The reliance on arbitrary excavation levels rather than stratigraphic association precludes the independent assessment of whether the artifacts actually are associated and severely limits the information that can be derived. This situation should be avoided whenever possible. The analyses that are presented in the report do not adequately relate the recovered materials to the larger contexts mentioned above. Consequently, it is difficult to identify specific research questions that could be addressed by the study of these resources."

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JULIA G. COSTELLO
COLUMBIA COLLEGE, MOKELUMNE HILL, CA.

"Historic sites excavations usually have detailed analyses of glass and ceramic items as these are usually abundant and also contain information on deposition date, trade, economics, and cultural activities. Only sporadic references were made to glass in the discussions although it was used as the major dating tool for the excavated units. Although a "Pottery Analysis" is referenced as an appendix, it was not included in the copy I reviewed. The critical middle page of the pottery summary report was also not included in my copy. It appears from what I could glean, however, that only the low-fired earthenwares (prehistoric and mission pottery) and Hispanic types were included. It is imperative that all ceramics associated with significant deposits be analyzed; in fact, after, 1810 virtually all of the ceramics imported to the missions were from England with small amounts also coming from China. But this gets back to the excavation problem of not removing artifact collections by natural stratigraphy so that it is impossible to reconstruct what items are associated with each other and what are not. It is worthless to carefully study attributes of artifacts if they have no archaeological context."

THE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT HAS BEEN PUT ON HOLD FOR REASSESSMENT AND NEW STRATEGIES.

NOTES FROM THE
CALIFORNIA MISSION STUDIES ASSOCIATION'S
SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING, 1989,
HELD ON FEBRUARY 3, 4, & 5

by
Daryl Allen

On Friday evening conference participants from all over the state began the evening by bellying up to the bar in the historic Plaza Hotel for wine, nachos, and lively conversation. After warming up in the barroom on a rainy evening, the group reconvened in the church for the evening's opening comments. Fr. Santamaria graciously welcomed the group to San Juan Bautista and Harry Batlin, superintendent of Gavilan Region State parks, told the group about some of the challenges and accomplishments of running a state historic park. Gil Sanchez, outgoing president, introduced Leo Barker, historical archaeologist from the National Park Service, as the keynote speaker for the evening. Leo launched into an interesting account of the evolvement of Mission San Juan Bautista through historical photographs when every slide show speaker's nightmare happened---the power went off. Leo heroically carried on without benefit of slides and the crowd sat hushed in the cavernous church with only candlelight and Leo's talk for illumination.. He promises to show the slides the group didn't get to see another time. The crowd went out into an authentic 19th century night---pitch black with no street lights. The power was off all over town. Saturday's events began early with cloudy skies, electrical power, and delicious pastries from the San Juan Bakery served by the Mission Guild. The first four papers focused on recent material culture studies on Hispanic sites.

CLERGY ROUND TABLE
CMSA MEETING, SAN JUAN BAUTISTA
FEBRUARY 3, 1989

by
Reverend Harry Morrison

For all their historical, cultural, artistic, and archaeological importance, the California missions remain, in most cases, active Catholic parish churches, schools or retreat centers. With that in mind, a clergy round table was held Saturday afternoon of the recent annual meeting of the California Mission Studies Association at Mission San Juan Bautista. Eight priests and a Franciscan Brother gathered in the rectory of Mission San Juan, through the hospitality of Fr. Max Santamaria, to discuss issues and share concerns that arise out of carrying on the Church's ministry in the rather unique environment of the California mission churches and grounds. Among the issues discussed were: (1) the need to make available the data from the mission sacramental registers while, at the same time, preserving and protecting the books themselves, and 2) the tensions that arise when the parishes' need to develop new, or upgrade old, facilities and buildings conflicts with historical or archaeological desire for investigation and preservation. These issues have been raised before, but the consensus arose from the round table that the comniitment of the American Catholic bishops to the Columbus Quincentennary !n 1992 provided an excellent opportunity for Calitomia Catholics to apply the latest technology to the task of duplicating all surviving mission records, making these duplicates available to the public. The round table also encouraged the pursuit of some formal, means of discussing and resolving potential tensions when various issues are in conflict in any construction, renovation or alteration project at church-owned mission: sites. The clergy agreed to propose to the Bishops' Committee on the Quincentennary that concrete steps be taken to meet these ends. The round table concluded with a delightful, and even inspiring, reminiscence by the venerable Monsignor Amancio Rodriguez of his ministry of many, many years in the three mission communities of Soledad, San Luis Obispo and San Juan Bautista.

Those participating:

Rev. Max Santamaria, Pastor, Mission San Juan Bautista
Rev. Msgr. Amancio Rodriguez, Pastor emeritus, Mission San Juan Bautista
Rev. Charles W. Polzer, S.J., Arizona State Museum, Tucson
Rev. Harry B. Morrison, Archivist, Diocese of Oakland
Rev. Leo Sprietsma, 0. F.M., Mission San Antonio, Pastor
Rev. Thomas Davis, Mission San Fernando
Rev. James L. Cleary, O.F.M. Cap., Pastor, Mission Santa Inés
Bro. Timothy Arthur, O.F.M., Archivist, Mission Santa Barbara

CALIFORNIA MISSION STUDIES ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING, FEB. 4, 1989, SAN JUAN BAUTISTA

Notes on Saturday Activities
Carolyn Gagnon

LEO BARKER
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF NORTHERN NEW SPAIN

Various myths and legends have developed and perpetuated regarding the architecture in Early California. One myth is "adobes" and massive missions were the typical building. Most early shelters were in fact called "jacals" or "palisades" and were made from an abundance of materials such as wood, reeds, stone and many imaginative combinations of these with adobe. The common people generally lived in these "vernacular" buildings. Because of materials used, few of these are still here; however, even in the "adobe" buildings that are left there is evidence that portions of them and especially "out buildings" were of this combined type of structures.

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ANN HUSTON:
STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF THE CONVENTO AT MISSION SAN JUAN BAUTISTA

The convento section is the long section next to the church where most people enter the gift shop facing the plaza. It was begun in 1797. An inspection by the national parks revealed that it has been greatly modified oner the years. Also, it was built in at least two pieces with one put directly in front of the back part. In 1906 an earthquake caused 35' to collapse. Inspection showed changing partitioning of rooms, new uses for rooms, new facades painted, and even heavy roof beams as evidence that a second story on at least part of it existed. In part of it there is still a wooden shingled roof under the roof tiles.

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VANCE BENTE:
EXCAVATIONS AT THE PRESIDIO OF SANTA BARBARA 1987-88:
BENEFITS OF BACKYARDS

The presentation dealt with the 1982 study of the Presidio chapel site. There are hopes to rebuild the whole front section. Slides were shown regarding wall and foundation remnants found. Clues were yielded by test trenches and clearing away an unbelievable number of yards of soil just to get down to the "Spanish Colonial Grade" beneath deposits that are more modern. They found pieces of "majorca blue & white ware" as well.

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RON CORBYN:
IRRIGATION DITCHES AT RANCHO SAN BERNARDINO

He felt studies should be run on "zanjas" which are the essential means by which the settlers irrigated crops and met their needs for water. Zanjas (irrigation ditches) have been greatly ignored though there were several types used to get the precious resource of water. The Spanish used diversion of various kinds---ditches, recycling of water over agricultural crops and back to rivers, rerouting of river beds, and ciengas (springs) when available.

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MICHAEL MATHES:
THE MISSIONS OF BAJA---RESEARCH AND POTENTIAL PROJECT

Another overlooked area for research lies in the Missions of Baja, particularly during the Dominican period. Surprisingly, most historical sources are found during the Jesuit period. The Jesuits were very excellent at records and diaries. Mathes spoke on differences in settlement in Baja and Alta Califomia. Baja was secularized very slowly as priests retired or passed away. Alta California was handled more abruptly and with great consequences. However, Baja did have a period when their missions were nearly "sacked" in order to supply Alta Califomia with needed supplies and religious articles. Dominicans built ten missions themselves in Baja. Study is needed on them as well as the movements of populations during the establishment of missions in Alta California.

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RICHARD CARRICO:
ARCHITECTURAL & CONCEPTUAL RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PRESIDIO DE SAN DIEGO CHAPEL

The first depiction of San Diego Presidio Chapel was by General Mariano Vallejo. It is the only one existing and was drawn when Vallejo was elderly and hadn't been there for 40 years! Using it and digging since 1965, there have been several discoveries and a conceptual drawing has been developed. Results are the outline of the chapel, tiles of the floor, a 120-person cemetery and remnants of color and copper covered wood fragments. It is evidence of the beauty and brightness of this chapel. Father Serra dedicated the site, but a soldier named Zuniga was greatly responsible for building the chapel. In fact he had written to relatives that he made it lavish to help atone for sins committed in Baja. There have always been grand plans for restoration, but as always they are still digging.

They do, however, understand the chapel and its interior. Below is a rough sketch of the chapel outline. It is rather different. So many people mistakenly go to the Museum further up the hill that a sign had to be put up directing them down to the digging locations---where there is of course nothing grand yet for them to see. Plans are to rebuild it someday.

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NORMAN NEUERBERG:
RESTORATION OF ALTARPIECE AT MISSION SAN GABRIEL

Restoration of the altar had been underway before the Oct. 87 earthquake which made San Gabriel unsafe and closed to the public. However, Neuerberg wanted to assure the group that restoration is still underway. They have eliminated the various layers of colored paint which were over the altarpiece and found the original appearance that it had when it came from Mexico in 1809. The statues (now being restored separately) were removed and revealed that they were too big and actually covered some of the decorative tops of the niches. Borders, cornices and miscellaneous alterations to the original were removed. Underneath six layers, bright colors in blue marbleized paper and even gold leaf were found. The interior is being "re Hispanicized" and the dark victorian paint removed. The original appearance of the "cupola" (a top piece on the roof serving as a 'skylight') was used, so that it no longer looked like a lighthouse at the ocean. Blocked and plugged windows were reopened to allow light into the chapel interior.

If you can provide assistance, contact Father Gonzales, the pastor at Mission San Gabriel.

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GIL SANCHEZ:
RESTORATION PROGRESS AT MISSION SANTA CRUZ BARRACKS

Gil is architect for the restoration of the only remaining structure of the Santa Cruz Mission--seven rooms of a I7-room Native American dormitorio. Additions after 1860 were removed so that the structure is returned to its configuration during the Mission Period. Years of archaeology and historical research by State Parks have identified locations of original doors, windows, lofts, roofline, etc. Each of the seven rooms now has one window and one door and mud-plastered walls as per the original condition. Plans for the structure include interpreting the Native American and Spanish/Mexican Periods and the transition to private ownership after secularization.

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ROB EDWARDS:
WORK ON UNMAPPED ADOBE IN SANTA CRUZ

An unexpected adobe foundation was found using heat-sensing equipment. The thermography was used on a parking lot area and revealed what are believed to be gravesites. This is very near the Gil Sanchez project. It is another clue to what Santa Cruz once was like.

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PATRICIA LOWREY:
CONTINUITY AND CHANGE: PREPARING FOR A CENTENNIAL OF THE REBUILDING (1982-1992) AT MISSION SAN LUIS REY

Slides were shown of restoration at San Luis Rey including the carriage arch, garden area replanting and the controversial moving of the altar table into the center of the church which pleases some but is historically incorrect. Lowrey mentioned this site has over 300 windows, has become a popular retreat, has a great $125.00 a plate shrimp feast and Mission Heritage Ball held each September. The cemetery has also been enlarged and is back in use.

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LEO SPRIETSMA, CFM:
UPDATE ON U.S. ARMY PLANS FOR HOUSING BEHIND MISSION SAN ANTONIO

The Father presented concerns that the Army is planning to develop military housing within 1/2 mile of Mission San Antonio. He requested that concerned people write their officials (such as Leon Panetta) and help influence the Army to cease their plans or to reconsider alternative locations.

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CHARLES POLZER, S.J.:
CALIFORNIA AND THE QUINCENTENNARY

Polzer stated his purpose was not to hand out a schedule of activities that have been prepared across the nation. Instead, he felt it was awful that so few ideas have come in from California. People need to be aware of this wonderful opportunity to prepare projects and showcase their history. Commissions are being formed and Polzer hoped various viewpoints would be represented on activities and projects throughout the State. In the past celebrations various library and community service efforts have occurred. It could be a wonderful chance to finally recognize all of America's people. The celebration will be in October of 1992, but plan your project now.

As a- 'side-story" Polzer mentioned that Spain had offered to build three caravels for $5 million, But the U.S. is having Japan build them for $15 million. It seems the Spanish, ships don't meet U.S. Coast Guard standards! if What if that had happened to Columbus?

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BILL WARWICK:
MISSION SANTA INES

Problems of development around St. Inés are forthcoming as the City is planning a bypass very near the Mission. Efforts are being made to prevent the road since developers will see it as a chance to develop right in the middle of the field behind St. lnés.

JOHN TATTAM:
SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO FRIEND

Tattam added to earlier comments on development at San Juan Capistrano and asked that CMSA lend support to influencing the City Officials to reconsider their plans. The City was beginning development without concern for the historical treasures on the sites.

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GLENN BURCH:
INTERPRETING EARLY CALIFORNIA THROUGH LIVING HISTORY

We were treated to a costume show by the docents of La Purísima (1860's period). Included were many mountain men in wonderful leather and fur costumes, a "generic" American woman, a padre and a maid.

When asked about their lack of participation, Burch stated people have big egos which is one of the problems involved in running living history programs. Just as in Williamsburg, there is a great deal of trouble finding blacks to play slaves, and there are few people who wish to play Indians and Spaniards. Oddly, men truly fight over getting to wear the padre costume! Further there are a lot of pitfalls in such programs. He suggested a book---Time Machine---to anyone considering Living History Programs. As well as ego problems, there are people who complain if they even see a zipper, and maintaining costume banks and storage are problems. However, if you are really motivated, it is a good attraction, money raiser, and it does provide one of the best experiences for young people. They particularly enjoy any "real life" demonstrations such as conversations between "pioneers."

CONFERENCE AT SAN JUAN BAUTISTA
CONFERENCE WRAP UP
by
Daryl Allen

The Saturday night banquet offered enormous amounts of Mexican food followed up by Cabrillo College history instructor Sandy Lydon. Sandy, with his own brand of humor and unique approach to history had the group in stitches with his observations of the changes undergone by Mission San Juan Bautista through the years. These observations included a description of Alfred Hitchcock's dismay at finding the bell tower removed as he had wanted it for the 1950s shooting of his film "Vertigo." (He "put it back on" in the film with special effects.) Sandy, who grew up in nearby Hollister, had shots of Jimmy Stewart, Kim Novak, and the famous director himself in front of the Plaza Hotel in addition to invaluable photographs of mission restorer Harry Downie. Sandy 's point was well taken that the missions are complex institutions representing many special things to many people and each may possess a certain amount of historicity, spirituality, and Hollywood romanticism all rolled together.

Sunday morning brought views of the snow-dusted Gavilan Mountains, cool temperatures, and a well attended walking tour of the historic park led by a park ranger. The board convened to tackle the lofty problems of guiding the CMSA for another year and Father Santamaria in a beautiful mass offered blessings to CMSA conference attendees for a safe trip home.

The conference had one of the largest attendances ever with 120 people at the Saturday talks and 100 people staying for the banquet. It would not have been possible to put on the conference without the help of Carla Hendershot and the Volunteer Association of San Juan Bautista and the ladies of the Mission Guild. And special thanks to Father Santamaria and Harry Batlin, State Parks, for inviting us to their delightful town.

CALL FOR PAPERS
1990 CALIFORNIA MISSION STUDIES ASSOCIATION
SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING, FEBRUARY 16-19,1990
SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA

This is an invitation to all members of the CMSA and to those interested in the California missions and Native Americans, Spanish and Mexican resources in California to attend and participate in the 1990 CMSA Annual Meeting. The events will be held in and around the historic Mission Santa Barbara and Presidio in downtown Santa Barbara.

For those wanting to make presentations, a brief description along-with a title must be submitted no later ihan December 18,1989.

Papers from all disciplines and mission-related activities are welcomed. Presentations will be 15 minutes in length and with 5 minutes allotted for questions. Mail description of presentation to:

Paul Apodaca, Curator
Bowers Museum
2002 North Main Street
Santa Ana, CA 92706

Conference Program Review Committee:

Paul Apodaca - (714) 972-1900
Jarrell Jackman - (805) 966-9719
Daryl Allen - (408) 998-1488

Conference sessions will be held in the Chapel at the El Presidio de Santa Barbara State Historic Park in downtown Santa Barbara, and in the Santa Barbara Mission Archives.

Take Santa Barbara Street exit north off U.S. 101 (one way street) about five blocks to Canon Perdito Street, turn left and park in the lot next to the Presidio.

16 Feb - Evening Registration at Presidio

17, 18 Feb - Sessions at Mission and Presidio (program will be mailed in January